VSEPR theory, or Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion theory, is used to predict the geometry of molecules based on the repulsion between electron pairs in the valence shell of the central atom. It helps determine the three-dimensional shape of a molecule by minimizing the repulsion between electron pairs, whether they are bonding or non-bonding.

VSEPR Theory

VSEPR theory

Valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory is a model used to predict the geometry of individual molecules based on the repulsion between electron pairs around a central atom. The theory posits that electron pairs will arrange themselves to minimize repulsion, resulting in specific molecular shapes such as linear, trigonal planar, tetrahedral, and others.

Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion theory

geometry of molecules

repulsion between electron pairs

The valence shell is the outermost electron shell of an atom in its uncharged state, and it plays a crucial role in chemical bonding and reactivity. Electrons in this shell determine an atom's ability to gain, lose, or share electrons, influencing its chemical properties and interactions with other atoms.

Valence Shell

The central atom in a molecule is the atom to which other atoms are bonded, often determining the molecule's geometry and properties. It is usually the atom with the highest bonding capacity or the least electronegative element in the compound.

central atom

three-dimensional shape of a molecule

Bonding electron pairs are pairs of electrons shared between atoms to form a covalent bond, allowing atoms to achieve a more stable electron configuration similar to that of noble gases. These shared electrons hold the atoms together within a molecule through electrostatic interactions and define the bond's properties, such as length and energy.

Relevant Degrees

Your Lessons