Calcium and Vitamin D supplementation is crucial for maintaining bone health, especially in populations at risk for osteoporosis, as Vitamin D enhances calcium absorption in the gut. However, excessive supplementation may lead to adverse effects such as hypercalcemia, so it should be tailored to individual needs based on dietary intake and existing health conditions.
Casein proteins are a family of related phosphoproteins that constitute the majority of proteins found in milk and cheese, playing a crucial role in the delivery of essential amino acids, calcium, and phosphorus. They are unique for their ability to form micelles, which facilitate the digestion and absorption of these nutrients in the human body.