The circulatory system is a complex network responsible for the transportation of blood, nutrients, oxygen, and waste products throughout the body, ensuring that tissues receive the necessary components for metabolism and function. It consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood, working together to maintain homeostasis and support the body's immune and Endocrine Systems.
The excretory system is responsible for removing waste products and maintaining homeostasis by regulating the body's fluid balance, electrolyte levels, and pH. It primarily involves organs like the kidneys, liver, lungs, and skin, each playing a crucial role in filtering and eliminating different types of waste from the body.
TRPV3 is a temperature-sensitive ion channel that plays a crucial role in sensory perception, particularly in detecting warm temperatures and contributing to skin barrier function. It is part of the transient receptor potential (TRP) family, which are involved in various physiological processes including temperature sensation, pain perception, and taste.
Parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) is a protein that plays a crucial role in regulating calcium levels in the body, similar to parathyroid hormone (PTH), but it is also involved in a wide range of other physiological processes, including bone development and cellular growth. Its discovery has significantly advanced our understanding of hypercalcemia in cancer patients, as PTHrP is often overexpressed in various malignancies, leading to increased calcium levels.