Umbilical circulation is the blood flow between the developing fetus and the placenta, facilitated by the umbilical cord, which contains two arteries and one vein. This system is crucial for the exchange of nutrients, gases, and waste products, ensuring proper fetal development and growth.

Umbilical Circulation

Blood flow refers to the movement of blood through the circulatory system, driven by the heart's pumping action and regulated by blood vessel constriction and dilation. It is essential for delivering oxygen and nutrients to tissues and organs while removing waste products, maintaining homeostasis and supporting overall health.

Blood Flow

Developing fetus

The placenta is a vital organ that forms during pregnancy, providing oxygen and nutrients to the developing fetus while removing waste products from the fetus's blood. It also produces hormones necessary for pregnancy and acts as a barrier to protect the fetus from infections and harmful substances.

Placenta

The umbilical cord is a vital structure in fetal development, serving as the lifeline that connects the developing fetus to the placenta, facilitating the exchange of nutrients, gases, and waste between the mother and fetus. It typically contains two arteries and one vein, all of which are surrounded by a gelatinous substance called Wharton's jelly, providing protection and flexibility during pregnancy.

Umbilical Cord

Two arteries

One vein

Exchange of nutrients

Exchange Of Gases

Exchange of waste products

Proper fetal development

Fetal growth refers to the complex process by which a fetus develops and matures in the womb, influenced by genetic, nutritional, and environmental factors. Proper fetal growth is critical for the health of both the mother and the baby, with deviations potentially leading to complications such as intrauterine growth restriction or macrosomia.

Concepts

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