Fundamental rights are the basic human rights and freedoms that are guaranteed to individuals, typically enshrined in a constitution or fundamental legal framework, to protect against governmental abuse. They are considered essential for the dignity, liberty, and equality of individuals and are often legally enforceable in courts of law.
Legal discrimination refers to the differential treatment of individuals or groups that is permitted or mandated by law, often justified by specific legal or policy objectives. It can include both positive discrimination, like affirmative action, and negative discrimination, such as age-based restrictions, and is subject to ongoing legal and ethical debates regarding its fairness and impact on equality.