Permittivity is a measure of how much electric field is reduced within a medium compared to a vacuum, influencing how materials interact with electric fields. It is a fundamental property that affects the capacitance of capacitors and the propagation of electromagnetic waves in materials.

Permittivity

An electric field is a vector field around a charged particle that represents the force exerted on other charges placed within the field. The strength and direction of the electric field are determined by the magnitude and sign of the charge, as well as the distance from the charge.

electric field

medium compared to a vacuum

materials interact with electric fields

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