Dielectric materials are insulating substances that can be polarized by an electric field, enhancing the capacitance of capacitors by storing and releasing electrical energy. They are characterized by their dielectric constant and breakdown voltage, which determine their effectiveness and stability in various electrical applications.

Dielectric Materials

Dielectric materials

insulating substances

polarized by an electric field

capacitance of capacitors

storing and releasing electrical energy

The dielectric constant, also known as relative permittivity, is a measure of a material's ability to store electrical energy in an electric field. It is a dimensionless quantity that indicates how much a material can reduce the electric field compared to a vacuum, influencing the capacitance and performance of capacitors and other electronic components.

dielectric constant

Breakdown voltage is the minimum voltage that causes a portion of an insulator to become electrically conductive, leading to a sudden increase in current. This phenomenon is critical in designing electrical components, as it determines the maximum operating voltage to prevent failure or damage.

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