RNA interference (RNAi) is a biological process in which RNA molecules inhibit gene expression or translation, effectively silencing targeted gene activity. This mechanism is crucial for regulating gene expression, defending against viral infections, and has potential applications in gene therapy and research.
Small Interfering RNA (siRNA) are short, double-stranded RNA molecules that play a crucial role in the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway, where they mediate gene silencing by degrading mRNA after transcription, preventing protein synthesis. They are widely used in research and therapeutic applications to specifically target and downregulate the expression of genes associated with disease processes.
The double-stranded RNA-binding domain (dsRBD) is a protein domain that specifically binds to double-stranded RNA molecules, playing a crucial role in RNA interference and other RNA-mediated cellular processes. It is characterized by its ability to recognize and bind to the A-form helical structure of dsRNA, facilitating various biological functions such as gene regulation and antiviral defense mechanisms.