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Concept
Replication Errors
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Concept
DNA Replication Slippage
DNA replication slippage
is a process that occurs during DNA replication where the
DNA polymerase
slips on the
template strand
, leading to
insertions or deletions
of
short repeat sequences
. This mechanism is a major source of
microsatellite instability
and contributes to
genetic variation
and certain
genetic disorders
.
Concept
DNA Damage Repair
DNA damage repair
is a critical set of processes that cells use to fix damage to the DNA structure, maintaining
genomic integrity
and
preventing diseases
such as cancer. These
repair mechanisms
are highly efficient and involve several pathways to detect and correct various types of
DNA lesions
caused by factors like
UV radiation
, chemicals, and
replication errors
.
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