A polyribosome, or polysome, is a cluster of ribosomes bound to an mRNA molecule, enabling simultaneous synthesis of multiple copies of a protein. This process enhances the efficiency of protein production within a cell and plays a critical role in regulating gene expression and cellular response to various stimuli.

Polyribosome

Polysome

Cluster of ribosomes

MRNA molecule

Synthesis of multiple copies of a protein

Efficiency of protein production

Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used to synthesize a functional gene product, typically proteins, which ultimately determine cellular function and phenotype. This process is tightly regulated at multiple levels, including transcription, RNA processing, translation, and post-translational modifications, to ensure proper cellular function and response to environmental cues.

Gene Expression

Cellular response refers to the series of molecular and physiological changes that occur within a cell in reaction to external stimuli, such as hormones, stress, or pathogens. It is a crucial aspect of cellular communication and adaptation, enabling cells to maintain homeostasis and respond effectively to environmental changes.

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