Planck's Law describes the spectral density of electromagnetic radiation emitted by a black body in thermal equilibrium at a given temperature, providing a foundation for quantum theory. It explains how the intensity of radiation varies with frequency and temperature, leading to the quantization of energy levels and the development of quantum mechanics.

Planck's Law

Spectral density is a measure of how power or variance of a signal is distributed over frequency, providing insight into the signal's frequency content. It is crucial in fields like signal processing and physics for analyzing and understanding the behavior of various systems in the frequency domain.

spectral density

Electromagnetic radiation is a form of energy that travels through space at the speed of light, encompassing a wide range of wavelengths and frequencies known as the electromagnetic spectrum. It includes visible light, radio waves, X-rays, and more, each with unique properties and applications in fields like communication, medicine, and astronomy.

electromagnetic radiation

A black body is an idealized physical object that absorbs all incident electromagnetic radiation, regardless of frequency or angle of incidence, and emits radiation with a characteristic spectrum that depends solely on its temperature. This concept is fundamental in the study of thermal radiation and plays a crucial role in the development of quantum mechanics and the understanding of stellar and planetary atmospheres.

black body

Thermal equilibrium is a state in which two or more objects in thermal contact no longer exchange energy through heat, resulting in a uniform temperature across the system. It is a fundamental concept in thermodynamics that underlies the zeroth law, which allows the definition of temperature scales.

thermal equilibrium

Quantum theory is a fundamental framework in physics that describes the behavior of matter and energy at the smallest scales, where classical physics fails to apply. It introduces concepts like wave-particle duality, quantization, and entanglement, fundamentally altering our understanding of reality and laying the groundwork for technologies like quantum computing.

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