• Bookmarks

    Bookmarks

  • Concepts

    Concepts

  • Activity

    Activity

  • Courses

    Courses


An action potential is a rapid, temporary change in the electrical membrane potential of a neuron or muscle cell, allowing it to transmit signals over long distances. This process involves the sequential opening and closing of voltage-gated ion channels, resulting in depolarization and repolarization of the cell membrane.
Synaptic transmission is the process by which neurons communicate with each other through the release and reception of neurotransmitters across a synapse. This fundamental mechanism underlies all neural activity and is essential for brain function, including learning, memory, and behavior.
Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that transmit signals across synapses from one neuron to another, playing a crucial role in shaping everyday life and functions by influencing mood, sleep, and cognitive abilities. They are essential for proper brain function and are involved in a wide range of physiological processes and mental health conditions.
Electrophysiology is the study of the electrical properties of biological cells and tissues, focusing on the flow of ions and the electrical activity that governs the function of neurons, muscles, and other cells. It is crucial for understanding how electrical signals in the body are generated, propagated, and interpreted, thereby providing insights into normal physiology and pathological conditions such as arrhythmias and epilepsy.
Neural coding refers to the way in which information is represented and processed by neurons in the brain, encompassing how sensory input is transformed into neural signals and how these signals are decoded to produce behavior. Understanding neural coding is crucial for deciphering the brain's communication and processing mechanisms, which has implications for fields ranging from neuroscience to artificial intelligence.
Neuroplasticity refers to the brain's remarkable ability to reorganize itself by forming new neural connections throughout life, allowing it to adapt to new experiences, learn new information, and recover from injuries. This dynamic process underscores the brain's capacity for change and adaptation, challenging the long-held belief that brain development is static after a certain age.
Signal processing involves the analysis, manipulation, and synthesis of signals such as sound, images, and scientific measurements to improve transmission, storage, and quality. It is fundamental in various applications, including telecommunications, audio engineering, and biomedical engineering, where it enhances signal clarity and extracts useful information.
Neural oscillations are rhythmic or repetitive patterns of neural activity in the central nervous system, crucial for various cognitive functions such as perception, attention, and memory. These oscillations facilitate communication between different brain regions by synchronizing neural activity, enabling efficient information processing and integration.
Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) are systems that enable direct communication between the brain and external devices, bypassing traditional neuromuscular pathways. They hold transformative potential for assistive technologies, neurorehabilitation, and even enhancing human capabilities, but face significant challenges in terms of signal processing, user adaptation, and ethical considerations.
Neuroprosthetics is an interdisciplinary field that combines neuroscience and biomedical engineering to create devices that can replace or enhance the function of the nervous system, often for individuals with disabilities. These devices interface directly with the nervous system to restore sensory or motor functions, offering new hope for improved quality of life.
Motor output refers to the neural signals that originate in the central nervous system and are transmitted to muscles, causing them to contract and produce movement. It is a crucial component of the motor control system, which integrates sensory information and coordinates precise muscle actions for voluntary and inVoluntary Movements.
The basilar membrane is a critical structure in the cochlea of the inner ear that plays a vital role in the process of hearing by converting sound vibrations into neural signals. It performs frequency analysis of incoming sounds through its varying stiffness along its length, enabling the detection of different sound frequencies.
The Organ of Corti is a crucial structure within the cochlea of the inner ear that transforms sound vibrations into neural signals, enabling the perception of sound. It contains hair cells that are mechanoreceptors, which convert mechanical sound waves into electrical impulses sent to the brain via the auditory nerve.
3