The Lower Flammability Limit (LFL), also known as the Lower Explosive Limit (LEL), is the lowest concentration of a gas or vapor in air capable of producing a flash of fire in the presence of an ignition source. Understanding the LFL of substances is crucial for assessing fire risk and ensuring safety in environments where flammable gases or vapors are present.
Moral realism is the philosophical view that there are objective moral facts and values that exist independently of human beliefs or perceptions. It posits that moral statements can be true or false based on these objective standards, similar to factual claims about the physical world.
Moral non-cognitivism is the meta-ethical view that moral statements do not express propositions or truths but rather emotional attitudes or prescriptions. It challenges the notion that moral discourse is about stating facts, suggesting instead that it functions to express feelings or commands.
Philosophical ethics investigates the principles of right and wrong behavior, addressing the nature of morality and the criteria for evaluating human actions. It provides a framework for understanding human values and serves as the foundation for moral reasoning and decision-making in various areas of life.
Theological Voluntarism is a doctrine in philosophy of religion which asserts that moral values and duties are grounded in the will or commands of God, and thus, morality is dependent on divine volition. It often leads to discussions about the nature of divine goodness and challenges such as the Euthyphro Dilemma, concerning whether something is good because God commands it or if God commands it because it is good.