IgG4-positive plasma cells are immune cells that produce the IgG4 subclass of antibodies, often associated with a group of conditions known as IgG4-related diseases. These diseases are characterized by tissue infiltration by IgG4-positive plasma cells, leading to inflammation and fibrosis in various organs.

IgG4-positive Plasma Cells

Immune cells are the body's defense units that identify and neutralize pathogens like bacteria, viruses, and other harmful agents. They play a crucial role in maintaining health by distinguishing between self and non-self, thus preventing infections and diseases.

Immune Cells

IgG4 subclass of antibodies

IgG4-related diseases

Tissue infiltration refers to the process by which cells, often immune or cancerous cells, penetrate and spread into surrounding tissues, potentially disrupting normal function and leading to disease progression. Understanding the mechanisms of tissue infiltration is crucial for developing therapeutic strategies to control or prevent diseases such as cancer and inflammatory conditions.

Tissue Infiltration

Inflammation is the body's complex biological response to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants, and is a protective attempt to remove the injurious stimuli and initiate the healing process. While acute inflammation is a vital part of the immune response, chronic inflammation can contribute to various diseases, including arthritis, cardiovascular diseases, and certain cancers.

Inflammation

Fibrosis is a pathological process characterized by the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix components, primarily collagen, leading to tissue scarring and disruption of normal organ function. It is a common outcome of chronic inflammation and can affect various organs, including the liver, lungs, kidneys, and heart, often resulting in significant morbidity and mortality.

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