Gauge bosons are fundamental particles that act as carriers of the fundamental forces of nature, mediating interactions between other particles. They are integral to the Standard Model of particle physics, each associated with a specific force: photons for electromagnetic, W and Z bosons for weak, gluons for strong, and the hypothetical graviton for gravity.

Gauge Bosons

Gauge bosons

fundamental particles

carriers of the fundamental forces

mediating interactions

The Standard Model of Particle Physics is a well-established theory that describes three of the four known fundamental forces in the universe and classifies all known subatomic particles. It successfully explains electromagnetic, weak, and strong nuclear interactions but does not incorporate gravity or account for dark matter and dark energy.

Standard Model of particle physics

photons for electromagnetic

W bosons for weak

Z bosons for weak

gluons for strong

hypothetical graviton

Gravity is a fundamental force of nature that attracts two bodies with mass towards each other, playing a crucial role in the structure and behavior of the universe. It governs the motion of celestial bodies, influences tides, and is essential for phenomena such as the orbits of planets and the falling of objects on Earth.

gravity

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