Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is a condition characterized by the narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries, usually caused by atherosclerosis, leading to reduced blood flow to the heart muscle. This can result in chest pain, shortness of breath, and can increase the risk of heart attacks if left untreated.

Coronary Heart Disease

Narrowing of the coronary arteries

Blockage of the coronary arteries

Atherosclerosis is a condition characterized by the buildup of plaque inside the arteries, leading to reduced blood flow and increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. It involves complex interactions between lipids, inflammatory cells, and the arterial wall, and is influenced by lifestyle factors and genetic predispositions.

Atherosclerosis

Reduced blood flow to the heart muscle

Chest pain is a symptom that can arise from various conditions ranging from benign to life-threatening, such as heart attack, angina, or gastroesophageal reflux disease. Proper evaluation and diagnosis are crucial for effective treatment, often involving a combination of patient history, physical examination, and diagnostic testing.

Chest Pain

Shortness of breath, also known as dyspnea, is a subjective sensation of breathing discomfort that can vary in intensity and is influenced by multiple physiological, psychological, and environmental factors. It may indicate an underlying health issue such as respiratory, cardiac, or systemic conditions, and requires careful evaluation to determine the cause and appropriate treatment.

Concepts

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