Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is a minimally invasive procedure used to create a pathway between the portal and systemic venous systems to reduce portal hypertension, often employed in patients with complications from liver cirrhosis. It effectively alleviates symptoms such as variceal bleeding and refractory ascites by diverting blood flow away from the liver, but may lead to hepatic encephalopathy as a side effect due to altered blood detoxification processes.