Supercritical fluids are substances at a temperature and pressure above their critical point, where they exhibit unique properties that are intermediate between those of gases and liquids. They are useful in various industries for applications such as extraction, chemical reactions, and material processing due to their ability to dissolve materials like a liquid but flow like a gas.

Supercritical Fluids

In mathematics, a critical point of a function is where its derivative is zero or undefined, indicating potential local maxima, minima, or saddle points. In thermodynamics, a critical point refers to the end point of a phase equilibrium curve, beyond which distinct liquid and gas phases do not exist, marking the critical temperature and pressure of a substance.

Critical Point

Unique Properties

Intermediate properties

Gases and liquids

Various Industries

Extraction refers to the process of separating a desired substance from a complex mixture, often using physical or chemical methods. It is a fundamental technique in fields like chemistry, biology, and environmental science, facilitating the isolation and analysis of specific components for further study or utilization.

Extraction

Chemical reactions involve the transformation of substances through the breaking and forming of chemical bonds, resulting in the conversion of reactants into products. These reactions are governed by the principles of thermodynamics and kinetics, which dictate the feasibility and rate of these transformations.

Chemical Reactions

Material processing involves the transformation of raw materials into finished products through various techniques and methodologies, tailored to enhance material properties and performance. It is a critical aspect of manufacturing that impacts product quality, efficiency, and sustainability across industries.

Concepts

Relevant Degrees

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