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Spell checking is a computational process that identifies and corrects misspelled words in a text by comparing them against a dictionary of correct spellings. It employs algorithms to suggest corrections based on phonetic similarity, edit distance, and contextual grammar rules, enhancing both accuracy and user experience in text processing applications.
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Natural language processing (NLP) is a field at the intersection of computer science, artificial intelligence, and linguistics, focused on enabling computers to understand, interpret, and generate human language. It encompasses a wide range of applications, from speech recognition and sentiment analysis to machine translation and conversational agents, leveraging techniques like machine learning and deep learning to improve accuracy and efficiency.
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Edit distance is a measure of the minimum number of operations required to transform one string into another, which is crucial in applications like spell checking, DNA sequencing, and natural language processing. The most common operations considered are insertion, deletion, and substitution of characters, and the concept helps in quantifying the similarity between two strings.
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Machine learning is a subset of artificial intelligence that involves the use of algorithms and statistical models to enable computers to improve their performance on a task through experience. It leverages data to train models that can make predictions or decisions without being explicitly programmed for specific tasks.
Error detection and correction are essential techniques in digital communication and data storage to ensure data integrity and reliability. These methods identify and rectify errors that occur during data transmission or storage, preventing data corruption and loss.
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Text mining is the process of extracting meaningful information and insights from unstructured text data using computational algorithms and linguistic techniques. It is widely used in various fields such as business intelligence, customer sentiment analysis, and research to transform vast amounts of text into structured, actionable knowledge.
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Computational linguistics is an interdisciplinary field that combines computer science and linguistics to enable computers to process and analyze large amounts of natural language data. It plays a crucial role in developing technologies such as machine translation, speech recognition, and natural language processing applications.
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Lexical errors occur when a word is not recognized in the language's vocabulary, often due to misspellings or incorrect word usage, leading to misunderstandings in communication. These errors are significant in programming and natural language processing as they can cause software to malfunction or produce incorrect interpretations of text.
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A Trie, also known as a prefix tree, is a specialized tree data structure that efficiently stores and retrieves keys in a dataset of strings, enabling fast search operations like autocomplete and spell-checking. It organizes data in a hierarchical manner, where each node represents a single character of a string, making it highly effective for problems involving dynamic sets of strings and prefix matching.
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