Self-transmissible plasmids are mobile genetic elements that can transfer themselves from one bacterial cell to another through a process called conjugation, facilitating the spread of genetic traits such as antibiotic resistance. They contain all the necessary genes for pilus formation and DNA transfer, making them autonomous in their ability to mediate horizontal gene transfer.

Self-transmissible Plasmid

Self-transmissible plasmids

Mobile genetic elements are DNA sequences that can change their position within a genome, playing a crucial role in genetic diversity, evolution, and adaptation. They include transposons, plasmids, and bacteriophages, and can facilitate horizontal gene transfer between organisms.

Mobile Genetic Elements

Transfer of genetic traits

Antibiotic resistance occurs when bacteria evolve mechanisms to withstand the drugs designed to kill them, leading to infections that are harder to treat and increasing the risk of disease spread, severe illness, and death. This phenomenon is accelerated by the overuse and misuse of antibiotics in humans and animals, posing a significant threat to global health, food security, and development.

Antibiotic Resistance

Process of conjugation

Genes for pilus formation

DNA Transfer

Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is a process by which organisms transfer genetic material to each other in a manner other than traditional reproduction, significantly contributing to genetic diversity and evolution. It plays a crucial role in the spread of antibiotic resistance among bacteria and the adaptation of organisms to new environments.

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