Concept
Self-directed learning is a process where individuals take the initiative, with or without the help of others, to diagnose their learning needs, formulate goals, identify resources, and evaluate outcomes. It emphasizes autonomy and responsibility, allowing learners to tailor their educational experiences to fit personal interests and objectives.
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Concept
In music, a tonic is the first note of a scale and serves as the central pitch around which a piece of music is organized, providing a sense of resolution and rest. It is fundamental in establishing the key of a composition and is often the starting and ending note of melodies and harmonies.
Concept
The supertonic is the second scale degree of a diatonic scale, often serving as a pivotal point for modulation and harmonic progression. It is commonly represented by the Roman numeral II in major keys and ii in minor keys, frequently appearing as a minor chord in Western classical and popular music harmony.
Concept
The mediant is a mathematical operation used in number theory that finds a new fraction between two given fractions by summing their numerators and denominators separately. It is particularly useful in the study of Farey sequences and rational approximations, though it does not necessarily yield the simplest form of the resulting fraction.
Concept
The subdominant is the fourth scale degree of the diatonic scale, serving as a pivotal chord that often precedes the dominant, creating a sense of movement and anticipation in Western harmony. It plays a crucial role in establishing tonal context and is integral in the construction of various harmonic progressions, such as the plagal cadence.
Concept
Dominance refers to the ability of an individual or group to assert influence or control over others in a social hierarchy or ecosystem. It is a dynamic status that can shift based on context, resources, and interactions within the group or environment.
Concept
The submediant is the sixth degree of the diatonic scale, typically serving as a pivot point in modulation and providing contrast in harmonic progressions. It plays a crucial role in music theory by offering a pathway to the relative minor or major key, enriching the tonal palette of a composition.
Concept
The leading tone is the seventh scale degree in a diatonic scale, typically a half step below the tonic, creating a strong sense of resolution when it moves up to the tonic. It plays a crucial role in establishing tonality and is often used in harmonic progressions to create tension and release.
Concept
An octave is like a special musical distance between two notes where one sounds higher or lower, but they feel like they are the same kind of note. It's like when you Sing 'do' and then Sing 'do' again but in a higher or lower voice, they match in a magical way.
Concept
An interval is a range of numbers between two set points, which can be either inclusive or exclusive of these endpoints. It is a fundamental concept in mathematics, particularly in calculus and statistics, used to describe the set of real numbers that lie between two boundaries.
Concept
Chord progression is a sequence of chords played in succession, forming the harmonic backbone of a piece of music. It creates a sense of movement and emotional direction, often following established patterns to evoke specific moods or styles.
Concept
The diatonic scale is a seven-note musical scale that consists of five whole steps and two half steps, forming the foundation of Western music. It is the basis for major and minor scales, and its structure is integral to the development of harmony and melody in Western musical traditions.
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The Major Scale is a foundational element in Western music, characterized by its specific sequence of whole and half steps that create a bright, happy sound. It serves as the basis for much of the music theory and composition, influencing melody, harmony, and chord progressions.
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The minor scale is a fundamental musical scale that evokes a somber or melancholic mood, contrasting with the brighter sound of the major scale. It is characterized by a specific pattern of intervals, including a minor third from the tonic, which gives it its distinctive sound.
Concept
Diatonic substitution involves replacing a chord in a progression with another chord that shares similar tones, maintaining the harmonic function within the same key. This technique enriches musical compositions by adding variety and complexity without altering the overall tonal center.
Concept
Interval identification is the process of recognizing the distance between two pitches in music, crucial for understanding melody and harmony. Mastery of this skill enhances musical ear training and aids in sight-reading and composition.
Concept
Chord spelling is the process of identifying and writing out the individual notes that make up a chord, ensuring that each note is correctly named according to the musical context and the chord's function. This practice is crucial for understanding harmonic structures, facilitating accurate performance, and aiding in music analysis and composition.
Concept
Diatonic harmony refers to the use of chords that are built from the notes of a single key, creating a sense of tonal center and coherence in music. It forms the foundation of Western music theory, allowing composers to create progressions that are both familiar and satisfying to the listener.
Concept
Diatonic function is like a team where each note in a scale has a special job to make music sound good. Just like in a game, where every player has a role, in music, each note helps to create feelings like happiness or sadness.
Concept
Pitch hierarchy is like a family of sounds where some sounds are the bosses and others follow. It helps us understand why some notes in music feel more important and why songs end in a way that feels just right.
Concept
Harmonic structure is like the rules for making music sound nice together. It's about how different notes and chords fit together to make songs that feel happy, sad, or exciting.
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A harmonic framework is like a set of rules that music follows to sound nice and make sense. It helps musicians know which notes and chords will work well together to create songs that feel happy, sad, or exciting.
Concept
The tonal system is a fundamental aspect of music theory that organizes pitches into a hierarchy of importance around a central note, known as the tonic, creating a sense of key. This system enables the creation of melodies and harmonies that are coherent and emotionally expressive, forming the backbone of Western music.
Concept
Ninth chords are a type of extended chord that include the root, third, fifth, seventh, and ninth notes of a scale, offering a richer and more complex harmonic texture than basic triads or seventh chords. They are widely used in jazz, blues, and contemporary music to add depth and color to chord progressions.
Concept
Thirteenth chords are complex, extended chords that include the root, third, fifth, seventh, ninth, eleventh, and thirteenth notes of a scale, offering a rich, full sound. They are commonly used in jazz, blues, and some forms of pop music to add depth and sophistication to harmonic progressions.
Concept
The German Augmented Sixth chord is a chromatic predominant chord that creates a strong pull towards the dominant, characterized by its augmented sixth interval between the lowered sixth scale degree and the raised fourth scale degree. It is a pivotal harmonic device in Western classical music, often used to heighten tension before resolving to the dominant or tonic.
Concept
The French Augmented Sixth is a chord that creates a unique tension and resolution in music, characterized by its augmented sixth interval between the lowered sixth scale degree and the raised fourth scale degree. It is most commonly used to lead into the dominant chord, providing a dramatic and expressive harmonic movement.
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The pentatonic scale is a musical scale with five notes per octave, in contrast to the more familiar heptatonic scale that has seven. It is widely used across various cultures and genres for its simplicity and versatility, making it a foundational element in music theory and practice.
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The melodic minor scale is a variation of the minor scale that raises the sixth and seventh degrees when ascending, but reverts to the natural minor scale when descending. This unique alteration allows for a smoother melodic line and a more harmonically rich sound in compositions.
Concept
The Harmonic Minor Scale is a seven-note scale that is widely used in classical, jazz, and metal music for its distinctive sound, characterized by a minor third and a major seventh interval. This scale is particularly notable for its raised seventh degree, which creates a leading tone that resolves to the tonic, adding a dramatic and exotic flavor to melodies and harmonies.
Concept
Staff notation is a system of writing music so that specific pitches and rhythms can be communicated and understood universally. It uses a set of five horizontal lines and four spaces, known as a staff, to represent different musical notes, with additional symbols indicating rhythm, dynamics, and articulation.
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