Sustainability in health financing refers to the ability of a health system to provide adequate funding to meet the population's healthcare needs over the long term, without compromising the financial stability of the system or the country. It involves balancing resource allocation, cost containment, and revenue generation to ensure equitable access to quality healthcare services for current and future generations.
The sales tax rate is a percentage imposed by governments on the sale of goods and services, which is added to the purchase price and collected by the seller. It varies by jurisdiction and can significantly impact consumer spending and business pricing strategies.
The cost-to-income ratio is a financial metric used to assess a company's efficiency by comparing its operating expenses to its operating income. A lower ratio indicates better performance, as it signifies that a company is spending less to generate each unit of income.
Use tax is a tax imposed on the use or consumption of goods within a jurisdiction where sales tax has not been paid, often applicable to out-of-state purchases. It ensures tax fairness by leveling the playing field between in-state and out-of-state sellers, preventing tax avoidance and revenue loss for local governments.
Fines are monetary penalties imposed by a legal authority as punishment for breaking laws or regulations, designed to deter undesirable behavior and generate revenue. They are commonly used in civil, criminal, and administrative contexts, with the amount often reflecting the severity of the offense and the offender's ability to pay.
Excise duty is a tax levied on specific goods or commodities, typically imposed at the point of manufacture, sale, or importation. It serves both as a source of government revenue and as a tool to regulate the consumption of certain products, such as tobacco, alcohol, and fuel, often for health or environmental reasons.