Radical cyclization is a chemical reaction where a radical species forms a cyclic structure by intramolecular addition to a double or triple bond, often used in the synthesis of complex organic molecules. This process is highly valuable in organic chemistry due to its ability to construct rings efficiently and with high stereocontrol, often under mild conditions.

Radical Cyclization

A chemical reaction is a process where substances, known as reactants, are transformed into different substances, called products, through the breaking and forming of chemical bonds. This transformation involves changes in energy and is governed by the principles of conservation of mass and energy.

Chemical Reaction

Radical species are highly reactive molecules with unpaired electrons, often formed during chemical reactions and capable of initiating chain reactions. They play crucial roles in various processes, including combustion, polymerization, and biological systems, but can also contribute to oxidative stress and cellular damage.

Radical Species

A cyclic structure refers to a molecular arrangement where atoms are connected in a closed loop or ring, which is a fundamental aspect of many chemical compounds, including aromatic compounds and biomolecules like DNA. This structure can influence the chemical properties and reactivity of a molecule, often contributing to stability and unique chemical behaviors due to resonance and strain effects.

Cyclic Structure

Intramolecular addition

A double bond is a type of chemical bond where two pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms, typically involving carbon atoms in organic compounds. It is stronger and shorter than a single bond, influencing the molecule's geometry and reactivity, often resulting in planar structures and restricted rotation around the bond.

Double Bond

A triple bond is a type of chemical bond where three pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms, resulting in a very strong and short bond. This bond is commonly found in molecules like nitrogen gas (N₂) and acetylene (C₂H₂), and it significantly affects the molecule's reactivity and properties.

Triple Bond

Synthesis of complex organic molecules

Organic chemistry is the branch of chemistry that studies the structure, properties, composition, reactions, and synthesis of carbon-containing compounds, which include not only hydrocarbons but also compounds with a range of other elements. It is fundamental to understanding biological processes and is pivotal in the development of pharmaceuticals, plastics, fuels, and numerous other chemical products.

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