Private fields are variables or properties of a class that are not accessible directly from outside the class, allowing for encapsulation and protection of data. In many object-oriented programming languages, private fields ensure that the internal representation of objects cannot be altered incorrectly or without proper validation.

Private Fields

Variables or properties

Encapsulation is a fundamental principle in object-oriented programming that involves bundling the data and the methods that operate on the data into a single unit, or class, while restricting access to some of the object's components. This concept promotes modularity and enhances security by allowing controlled access and modification of the object's state through defined interfaces, typically using access specifiers like private, protected, and public.

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