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Concept
Periodontal Disease
Periodontal disease
is a
chronic inflammatory condition
affecting the gums and
supporting structures of the teeth
, primarily caused by
bacterial plaque accumulation
. If left untreated, it can lead to
tooth loss
and has been linked to
systemic health issues
such as
cardiovascular disease
and diabetes.
Concept
Gingivitis
Gingivitis is a common and mild form of
gum disease
characterized by inflammation, redness, and
swelling of the gums
, often caused by
poor oral hygiene
leading to
plaque buildup
. If left untreated, it can progress to more severe
periodontal diseases
, but it is reversible with proper
dental care
and improved
oral hygiene practices
.
Concept
Plaque Accumulation
Plaque accumulation
is the
buildup of a sticky film
of
bacteria on the teeth
and gums, which can lead to
dental issues
such as cavities and
gum disease
if not regularly removed through
proper oral hygiene
. It is a primary factor in the development of
periodontal disease
and can contribute to
systemic health problems
if left untreated.
Concept
Gingival Recession
Gingival recession
is a
dental condition
characterized by the
exposure of the roots of the teeth
due to the
loss of gum tissue
, which can lead to
increased sensitivity
and a
higher risk of root decay
. It is often caused by factors such as
aggressive tooth brushing
, periodontal disease, or
genetic predisposition
, and can be managed through improved
oral hygiene
,
professional treatments
, or
surgical interventions
.
Concept
Oral Hygiene
Oral hygiene
is essential for maintaining
healthy teeth
and gums, preventing
dental diseases
such as cavities and
periodontal disease
. It involves
regular practices
like brushing, flossing, and
dental check-ups
to remove plaque and bacteria, ensuring
overall oral health
and contributing to
general well-being
.
Concept
Periodontium
The periodontium is the
specialized tissues
surrounding and
supporting the teeth
, maintaining them in the
maxillary and mandibular bones
. It plays a crucial role in
oral health
, providing the necessary
support and protection for teeth
against
mechanical forces
and
microbial invasion
.
Concept
Dental Prophylaxis
Dental prophylaxis
is a
preventive dental procedure
aimed at maintaining
oral health
by
removing plaque
, tartar, and stains from
teeth surfaces
. It is a crucial component of
oral hygiene
that helps
prevent cavities
, gingivitis, and periodontal disease.
Concept
Gingival Sulcus
The
gingival sulcus
is the
natural space
between the tooth and the surrounding gum tissue, playing a critical role in
oral health
by acting as a barrier against
bacterial invasion
. Proper
oral hygiene
is essential to maintain the health of the
gingival sulcus
and prevent
periodontal diseases
such as gingivitis and periodontitis.
Concept
Gingival Crevicular Fluid
Gingival crevicular fluid
(GCF) is a
serum-like fluid
found in the
sulcus around teeth
, playing a crucial role in
oral health
by serving as a
diagnostic marker
for
periodontal disease
. It contains a
variety of components
, including enzymes, cytokines, and
immune cells
, which reflect the
inflammatory status
of the
periodontal tissues
.
Concept
Inflammatory Response
The
inflammatory response
is the
body's immediate reaction
to
injury or infection
, characterized by redness, heat, swelling, and pain, aimed at
eliminating harmful stimuli
and
initiating healing
. It involves a
complex cascade of events
that includes the
activation of immune cells
,
release of cytokines
, and
increased blood flow
to the
affected area
.
Concept
Toothbrush Technique
The
toothbrush technique
is essential for maintaining
oral hygiene
by effectively
removing plaque
and
food particles
from
teeth surfaces
and gums.
Proper technique
involves using a
soft-bristled brush
, angling it at 45 degrees to the gumline, and employing gentle, circular motions for at least two minutes
twice daily
.
Concept
Clinical Attachment Level
Clinical Attachment Level
(CAL) is a critical measurement in
periodontal assessment
that indicates the
extent of periodontal support
around a tooth. It is calculated by adding the
probing depth
to the distance from the
gingival margin
to the
cementoenamel junction
, providing insight into
periodontal disease progression
and
treatment outcomes
.
Concept
Gingival Emergence
Gingival emergence
refers to the manner in which a tooth appears through the gums, impacting both aesthetics and
periodontal health
. It is crucial in
dental restorations
and orthodontics to ensure
proper alignment
and
healthy gum tissue adaptation
around the tooth.
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