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Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the gums and supporting structures of the teeth, primarily caused by bacterial plaque accumulation. If left untreated, it can lead to tooth loss and has been linked to systemic health issues such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes.
Concept
Gingivitis is a common and mild form of gum disease characterized by inflammation, redness, and swelling of the gums, often caused by poor oral hygiene leading to plaque buildup. If left untreated, it can progress to more severe periodontal diseases, but it is reversible with proper dental care and improved oral hygiene practices.
Plaque accumulation is the buildup of a sticky film of bacteria on the teeth and gums, which can lead to dental issues such as cavities and gum disease if not regularly removed through proper oral hygiene. It is a primary factor in the development of periodontal disease and can contribute to systemic health problems if left untreated.
Gingival recession is a dental condition characterized by the exposure of the roots of the teeth due to the loss of gum tissue, which can lead to increased sensitivity and a higher risk of root decay. It is often caused by factors such as aggressive tooth brushing, periodontal disease, or genetic predisposition, and can be managed through improved oral hygiene, professional treatments, or surgical interventions.
Oral hygiene is essential for maintaining healthy teeth and gums, preventing dental diseases such as cavities and periodontal disease. It involves regular practices like brushing, flossing, and dental check-ups to remove plaque and bacteria, ensuring overall oral health and contributing to general well-being.
The periodontium is the specialized tissues surrounding and supporting the teeth, maintaining them in the maxillary and mandibular bones. It plays a crucial role in oral health, providing the necessary support and protection for teeth against mechanical forces and microbial invasion.
Dental prophylaxis is a preventive dental procedure aimed at maintaining oral health by removing plaque, tartar, and stains from teeth surfaces. It is a crucial component of oral hygiene that helps prevent cavities, gingivitis, and periodontal disease.
The gingival sulcus is the natural space between the tooth and the surrounding gum tissue, playing a critical role in oral health by acting as a barrier against bacterial invasion. Proper oral hygiene is essential to maintain the health of the gingival sulcus and prevent periodontal diseases such as gingivitis and periodontitis.
Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) is a serum-like fluid found in the sulcus around teeth, playing a crucial role in oral health by serving as a diagnostic marker for periodontal disease. It contains a variety of components, including enzymes, cytokines, and immune cells, which reflect the inflammatory status of the periodontal tissues.
The toothbrush technique is essential for maintaining oral hygiene by effectively removing plaque and food particles from teeth surfaces and gums. Proper technique involves using a soft-bristled brush, angling it at 45 degrees to the gumline, and employing gentle, circular motions for at least two minutes twice daily.
Clinical Attachment Level (CAL) is a critical measurement in periodontal assessment that indicates the extent of periodontal support around a tooth. It is calculated by adding the probing depth to the distance from the gingival margin to the cementoenamel junction, providing insight into periodontal disease progression and treatment outcomes.
Gingival emergence refers to the manner in which a tooth appears through the gums, impacting both aesthetics and periodontal health. It is crucial in dental restorations and orthodontics to ensure proper alignment and healthy gum tissue adaptation around the tooth.
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