A plane wave is a constant-frequency wave whose wavefronts (surfaces of constant phase) are infinite parallel planes. It is an idealized model often used in physics and engineering to simplify the analysis of wave propagation in homogeneous media.

Plane Wave

plane wave

constant-frequency wave

Wavefronts are surfaces over which an oscillatory quantity, such as sound or light, has a constant phase, representing the propagation of waves through a medium. They help in visualizing wave propagation and are crucial in understanding phenomena like reflection, refraction, and diffraction.

wavefronts

surfaces of constant phase

infinite parallel planes

idealized model

Physics is the fundamental science that seeks to understand the nature and behavior of matter and energy in the universe, covering phenomena from the smallest subatomic particles to the largest cosmic structures. It provides the foundational principles that underpin other sciences and technologies, offering insights into the laws governing the physical world and enabling advancements in various fields.

physics

Engineering is the application of scientific and mathematical principles to design, build, and analyze structures, machines, and systems, aiming to solve real-world problems efficiently and sustainably. It encompasses a wide range of specialized fields that address various aspects of technology and innovation, driving progress in industries and improving quality of life.

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