Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a class of medications that reduce inflammation, alleviate pain, and lower fever by inhibiting the cyclooxygenase enzymes (COX-1 and COX-2) involved in the synthesis of prostaglandins. While effective for managing symptoms, NSAIDs can have side effects such as gastrointestinal irritation and increased cardiovascular risk, making their use a balance between therapeutic benefits and potential harm.