The nominal scale is a level of measurement used for categorizing data without any quantitative value or order. It is primarily used to label variables that are mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive, such as gender, race, or brand names.

Nominal Scale

nominal scale

Level of measurement refers to the classification of variables based on the nature of data they represent, which determines the types of statistical analyses that can be performed. The four main levels—nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio—each offer a different degree of information and mathematical manipulation potential, from simple categorization to complex calculations.

level of measurement

categorizing data

quantitative value

mutually exclusive

collectively exhaustive

label variables

Gender is a complex social construct that encompasses a range of identities and expressions beyond the binary framework of male and female. It is distinct from biological sex and is influenced by cultural, social, and individual factors, shaping personal identity and societal roles.

gender

Race is a socially constructed category used to group people based on physical characteristics such as skin color, but it has no biological basis. It plays a significant role in shaping social dynamics, influencing identity, and perpetuating systemic inequalities.

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