The Maya Calendar is a complex system of interlocking calendars and almanacs used by the ancient Maya civilization, primarily consisting of the Tzolk'in (a 260-day ceremonial calendar), the Haab' (a 365-day solar calendar), and the Long Count calendar, which tracks longer periods of time. This calendar system was crucial for agricultural, religious, and social events, and its sophisticated mathematical and astronomical foundations reflect the advanced understanding of time and cosmology by the Maya people.