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Livestock production is the process of breeding and raising animals for food, fiber, and other products, playing a crucial role in global agriculture and economy. It involves various practices that affect animal health, environmental sustainability, and food security, requiring a balance between productivity and ethical considerations.
Animal husbandry is the practice of breeding and raising livestock to optimize their productivity and health for human benefit. It encompasses a range of activities including selection, feeding, sheltering, and healthcare to improve the quality and quantity of animal products such as meat, milk, and wool.
Sustainable agriculture is a holistic approach to farming that seeks to balance environmental health, economic profitability, and social equity. It involves practices that are environmentally friendly, economically viable, and socially responsible, ensuring the long-term productivity and health of the land while minimizing negative impacts on the ecosystem and society.
Animal welfare refers to the ethical responsibility of ensuring the well-being of animals, emphasizing their physical and psychological health, comfort, and natural behaviors. It is a multidisciplinary field that involves science, ethics, law, and human-animal interactions to improve the quality of life for animals in various settings, including agriculture, research, and companionship.
Feed conversion ratio (FCR) is a measure of an animal's efficiency in converting feed mass into increased body mass, crucial for evaluating the economic and environmental sustainability of livestock production. A lower FCR indicates better feed efficiency, meaning less feed is required for the same amount of growth, which can lead to cost savings and reduced resource usage.
Grazing management is the strategic control of livestock grazing to optimize pasture productivity, animal health, and ecosystem sustainability. It involves adjusting grazing patterns, timing, and intensity to balance the needs of the environment with agricultural goals.
Livestock genetics is the study and application of genetic principles to improve the productivity, health, and adaptability of farm animals. It involves the manipulation of genetic material to enhance desirable traits such as growth rate, disease resistance, and reproductive efficiency in livestock populations.
Veterinary Science is a medical field dedicated to the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases in animals, ensuring their health and welfare. It plays a crucial role in public health by controlling zoonotic diseases, which are transmissible between animals and humans, and contributes to food safety and security through the health management of livestock.
Pasture management is the strategic planning and implementation of practices to optimize the health, productivity, and sustainability of grazing lands. It involves balancing the needs of livestock with ecological considerations to ensure long-term soil fertility, biodiversity, and economic viability.
Intensive farming is an agricultural production system characterized by high inputs of capital, labor, and technology to maximize yield per unit area. This approach often leads to increased productivity but raises concerns about environmental sustainability, animal welfare, and long-term soil health.
Organic farming is an agricultural system that seeks to produce food using natural substances and processes, emphasizing environmental sustainability, biodiversity, and soil health. It avoids synthetic chemicals, genetically modified organisms, and relies on crop rotation, green manure, compost, and biological pest control to maintain ecological balance.
Herd record keeping is a systematic approach to tracking and managing data related to livestock, which is crucial for optimizing productivity, health, and breeding decisions. Effective record keeping enables farmers to make informed decisions, improve herd management practices, and enhance overall farm profitability.
Feed efficiency is a critical measure in agriculture and animal husbandry that evaluates the ratio of animal product output to the feed input, aiming to optimize resource use and minimize costs. It is essential for sustainable farming practices, enhancing profitability, and reducing the environmental impact of livestock production.
Feed Conversion Efficiency (FCE) is a measure of an animal's ability to convert feed into body mass, which is crucial for optimizing livestock production and reducing environmental impact. Higher FCE indicates better growth performance and cost-effectiveness, making it a critical factor in sustainable agriculture and aquaculture practices.
Agricultural output refers to the total quantity of crops and livestock produced on farms, which is a key indicator of the agricultural sector’s productivity and efficiency. It is influenced by factors such as technology, climate conditions, and government policies, playing a vital role in food security and economic development.
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