The hypogastric artery, also known as the internal iliac artery, is a crucial vessel that supplies blood to the pelvic organs, gluteal region, and medial part of the thigh. It branches off from the common iliac artery and plays a vital role in the vascularization of the pelvic area, supporting functions related to the urinary, reproductive, and digestive systems.

Hypogastric Artery

The internal iliac artery is a major pelvic artery that supplies blood to the pelvic organs, gluteal region, and medial compartment of the thigh. It branches off from the common iliac artery and has both anterior and posterior divisions that further subdivide to supply various structures in the pelvis and lower limb.

Internal Iliac Artery

Blood supply to pelvic organs

The gluteal region, commonly known as the buttocks, is a major anatomical area located posteriorly to the pelvic girdle, consisting primarily of the gluteal muscles which are crucial for movement and support of the lower body. This region plays a vital role in activities such as walking, running, and maintaining posture, and is also a significant site for intramuscular injections due to its muscle mass.

Gluteal Region

Medial part of the thigh

The common iliac artery is a major blood vessel that bifurcates from the abdominal aorta and supplies blood to the pelvis and lower limbs. It divides into the internal and external iliac arteries, which further branch out to supply various structures in the pelvis and legs.

Common Iliac Artery

Vascularization of the pelvic area

The urinary system is essential for removing waste products and excess substances from the bloodstream, maintaining a stable internal environment through the regulation of fluid and electrolyte balance. It consists of organs such as the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra, which work together to filter blood, produce urine, and expel it from the body.

Urinary System

The reproductive system is a complex network of organs and structures responsible for producing, nurturing, and transporting gametes, as well as supporting the development of offspring. It plays a crucial role in sexual reproduction, hormonal regulation, and genetic diversity across generations.

Reproductive System

The digestive system is a complex network of organs that work together to break down food into nutrients, which the body uses for energy, growth, and cell repair. It involves a series of processes including ingestion, digestion, absorption, and excretion, ensuring that the body efficiently utilizes the food consumed.

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