The glenohumeral joint, also known as the shoulder joint, relies on a complex interplay of static and dynamic stabilizers to maintain stability while allowing a wide range of motion. Key factors contributing to its stability include the rotator cuff muscles, the glenoid labrum, and the capsuloligamentous structures which prevent dislocation and excessive movement.

Glenohumeral Joint Stability

The glenohumeral joint, commonly known as the shoulder joint, is a ball-and-socket joint that allows for a wide range of motion, making it one of the most mobile joints in the human body. Its stability is primarily maintained by a combination of muscles, tendons, and ligaments, rather than the bony structures alone, making it susceptible to dislocations and injuries.

Glenohumeral Joint

The shoulder joint, also known as the glenohumeral joint, is a ball-and-socket joint that allows for a wide range of motion but is inherently less stable compared to other joints. Its stability is primarily maintained by a combination of muscles, tendons, and ligaments, making it susceptible to injuries such as dislocations and rotator cuff tears.

Shoulder Joint

Static stabilizers

Dynamic stabilizers

Range of motion (ROM) refers to the full movement potential of a joint, usually measured in degrees of a circle. It is crucial for assessing joint function, diagnosing injuries, and planning rehabilitation or exercise programs to improve flexibility and prevent injury.

Range Of Motion

The rotator cuff is a group of four muscles and their associated tendons that stabilize the shoulder joint, allowing for a wide range of arm movements. Injury or degeneration of these muscles can lead to pain, weakness, and limited mobility in the shoulder, often requiring physical therapy or surgical intervention for recovery.

Rotator Cuff Muscles

The glenoid labrum is a fibrocartilaginous rim attached to the margin of the glenoid cavity in the shoulder blade, enhancing the stability of the shoulder joint by deepening the cavity and providing an attachment for ligaments and the long head of the biceps tendon. Damage to the labrum can lead to shoulder instability or pain, often requiring surgical intervention for repair.

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