Equilibrium potential is the membrane potential at which the net flow of a particular ion across the cell membrane is zero, meaning there is no net movement of the ion in or out of the cell. It is determined by the concentration gradient of the ion across the membrane and can be calculated using the Nernst equation.

Equilibrium Potential

Equilibrium potential

Membrane potential is the voltage difference across a cell's plasma membrane, crucial for processes such as nerve impulse transmission and muscle contraction. It arises from the uneven distribution of ions, primarily sodium, potassium, and chloride, maintained by ion channels and pumps like the sodium-potassium pump.

membrane potential

net flow of a particular ion

The cell membrane is a selectively permeable barrier that surrounds the cell, maintaining homeostasis by controlling the movement of substances in and out of the cell. It is composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins, cholesterol, and carbohydrates that facilitate communication and transport functions.

cell membrane

net movement of the ion

concentration gradient of the ion

The Nernst Equation is a fundamental equation in electrochemistry that relates the reduction potential of an electrochemical reaction to the standard electrode potential, temperature, and concentrations of the chemical species involved. It is crucial for understanding how changes in concentration and temperature affect the voltage of electrochemical cells and is widely used in fields like chemistry, biology, and engineering.

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