Enhancers are regulatory DNA sequences that, when bound by specific proteins called transcription factors, increase the transcription of associated genes. They can act over long distances, influencing gene expression in a tissue-specific and developmental stage-specific manner, crucial for complex gene regulation in eukaryotes.

Enhancer

Regulatory DNA sequences

Transcription factors are proteins that regulate gene expression by binding to specific DNA sequences, thereby controlling the transfer of genetic information from DNA to mRNA. They play a crucial role in cellular processes, including development, differentiation, and response to environmental signals.

Transcription Factors

Transcription of associated genes

Long Distances

Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used to synthesize a functional gene product, typically proteins, which ultimately determine cellular function and phenotype. This process is tightly regulated at multiple levels, including transcription, RNA processing, translation, and post-translational modifications, to ensure proper cellular function and response to environmental cues.

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