An emulsion is a mixture of two immiscible liquids where one liquid is dispersed in the other in the form of tiny droplets. Emulsions are stabilized by substances known as emulsifiers, which reduce the surface tension between the two liquids and prevent them from separating.

Emulsion

emulsion

mixture of two immiscible liquids

Immiscible liquids are liquids that do not mix to form a homogeneous solution, often due to differences in polarity or density. When combined, they form distinct layers, with the denser liquid settling at the bottom, exemplifying fundamental principles of intermolecular forces and density-driven separation.

immiscible liquids

dispersed in the other

tiny droplets

stabilized by substances

Emulsifiers are substances that stabilize mixtures of oil and water by reducing surface tension, allowing them to form a homogeneous blend. They are widely used in food production, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals to improve texture, consistency, and shelf-life of products.

emulsifiers

Surface tension is the cohesive force at the surface of a liquid that allows it to resist external forces, due to the imbalance of intermolecular forces between the liquid's molecules and those in the air. This phenomenon is responsible for the formation of droplets, the ability of small objects to float on a liquid surface, and the capillary action observed in thin tubes.

Your Lessons