Drift waves are a type of plasma wave that arise due to the presence of density gradients and magnetic fields, leading to cross-field plasma transport. They play a crucial role in the confinement properties of magnetically confined fusion devices, such as tokamaks, by contributing to turbulence and anomalous transport.

Drift Waves

Plasma wave

Density Gradients

Magnetic fields are invisible forces generated by electric currents and magnetic materials, influencing the behavior of charged particles in their vicinity. They play a crucial role in various natural phenomena and technological applications, from Earth's magnetosphere to electromagnetic devices.

Magnetic Fields

Cross-field plasma transport

Confinement properties

Magnetically confined fusion devices

Tokamaks

Turbulence is the chaotic, unpredictable flow of fluids characterized by vortices, eddies, and rapid changes in pressure and velocity. It plays a critical role in various natural and industrial processes, affecting weather patterns, aircraft performance, and energy efficiency in systems like pipelines and turbines.

Turbulence

Anomalous transport refers to deviations from normal transport behaviors typically described by classical models, such as Fick's laws for diffusion or Ohm's law for electrical conduction. This phenomenon is often observed in complex systems where interactions or constraints lead to non-linear or non-Gaussian dynamics, necessitating alternative descriptions like fractional calculus or Lévy flights.

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