The Dirac Equation is a relativistic wave equation formulated by Paul Dirac in 1928 that provides a description of elementary spin-½ particles, such as electrons, consistent with both quantum mechanics and special relativity. It predicts the existence of antimatter, introduces the concept of spin, and merges quantum mechanics with the theory of relativity, fundamentally altering the understanding of particle physics.

Dirac Equation

relativistic wave equation

Paul Dirac

elementary spin-½ particles

Electrons are subatomic particles with a negative electric charge, fundamental to the structure of atoms and the flow of electricity. They play a crucial role in chemical bonding and are key to understanding quantum mechanics and electromagnetic interactions.

electrons

Quantum mechanics is a fundamental theory in physics that describes the physical properties of nature at the smallest scales, such as atoms and subatomic particles. It introduces concepts like wave-particle duality, uncertainty principle, and quantum entanglement, which challenge classical intuitions about the behavior of matter and energy.

quantum mechanics

Special Relativity, formulated by Albert Einstein in 1905, revolutionized the understanding of space and time by introducing the idea that the laws of physics are the same for all non-accelerating observers and that the speed of light in a vacuum is constant regardless of the motion of the light source or observer. This theory fundamentally altered the concepts of simultaneity, length, and time, leading to groundbreaking implications such as time dilation and length contraction.

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