Dalton's Atomic Theory, proposed in the early 19th century, posits that matter is composed of indivisible atoms, that each element consists of identical atoms, and that chemical reactions involve the rearrangement of these atoms. This foundational theory laid the groundwork for modern chemistry by introducing the idea that the properties of matter are determined by the types and arrangements of atoms.

Dalton's Atomic Theory

19th century

indivisible atoms

identical atoms

Chemical reactions involve the transformation of substances through the breaking and forming of chemical bonds, resulting in the conversion of reactants into products. These reactions are governed by the principles of thermodynamics and kinetics, which dictate the feasibility and rate of these transformations.

chemical reactions

Rearrangement of atoms

foundational theory

Modern chemistry is the scientific study of the composition, structure, properties, and reactions of matter, emphasizing the understanding of atomic and molecular interactions. It integrates principles from physics and biology to explore and manipulate the material world at a fundamental level.

modern chemistry

Everything around us is made of matter, and matter has special things called properties that we can see or feel, like how it looks, feels, or smells. These properties help us tell different things apart, like knowing a rock is hard and an ice cream is cold and sweet.

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