An anticodon is a sequence of three nucleotides in a transfer RNA (tRNA) molecule that is complementary to a corresponding codon in a messenger RNA (mRNA) sequence during protein synthesis. It ensures the correct amino acid is added to the growing polypeptide chain by matching with the appropriate codon in the mRNA through base pairing.

Anticodon

anticodon

sequence of three nucleotides

Transfer RNA (tRNA) is a type of RNA molecule that helps decode a messenger RNA (mRNA) sequence into a protein during the process of translation. Each tRNA molecule carries a specific amino acid to the ribosome, where the anticodon on the tRNA pairs with a complementary codon on the mRNA, ensuring the correct amino acid sequence is formed in the growing polypeptide chain.

transfer RNA

TRNA molecule

corresponding codon

Messenger RNA (mRNA) is a single-stranded molecule that carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized. It plays a crucial role in the process of translating genetic instructions into functional proteins, acting as a template for protein synthesis in all living cells.

messenger RNA

MRNA sequence

Protein synthesis is the cellular process through which genetic information is translated into functional proteins, essential for cellular structure and function. It involves two main stages: transcription, where DNA is converted into mRNA, and translation, where mRNA is decoded by ribosomes to assemble amino acids into polypeptide chains.

protein synthesis

Amino acids are organic compounds that serve as the building blocks of proteins, playing a critical role in various biological processes. They are characterized by the presence of an amino group, a carboxyl group, and a unique side chain, which determines their distinct properties and functions.

amino acid

growing polypeptide chain

Base pairing is a fundamental principle of molecular biology where specific nitrogenous bases in nucleic acids form hydrogen bonds with their complementary bases, ensuring the accurate replication and transcription of genetic information. In DNA, adenine pairs with thymine and cytosine pairs with guanine, while in RNA, adenine pairs with uracil instead of thymine.

CUSTOMIZE YOUR LEARNING

CUSTOMIZE YOUR LEARNING

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