Adverse birth outcomes refer to complications during pregnancy or childbirth that negatively affect the health of the mother, fetus, or newborn, including preterm birth, low birth weight, and stillbirth. These outcomes can result from various factors such as maternal health conditions, environmental exposures, and socioeconomic factors, and they have significant implications for long-term health and development.

Adverse Birth Outcomes

Adverse birth outcomes

complications during pregnancy

Childbirth Complications

health of the mother

Health of the fetus

Health of the newborn

Preterm birth, defined as childbirth occurring before 37 weeks of gestation, is a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. It is influenced by a complex interplay of biological, environmental, and socio-economic factors, and requires multidisciplinary approaches for prevention and management.

preterm birth

Low birth weight is a critical indicator of neonatal health, often associated with increased risks of infant mortality and long-term health complications. It is influenced by a variety of factors including maternal health, nutrition, and prenatal care, and requires careful monitoring and intervention to improve outcomes.

low birth weight

Stillbirth refers to the death of a fetus at or after 20 weeks of gestation, resulting in delivery of a baby without signs of life. It is a complex event with multiple potential causes, including maternal health conditions, placental issues, and fetal abnormalities, and requires sensitive management and support for affected families.

stillbirth

maternal health conditions

Environmental exposures refer to the contact between humans and various physical, chemical, and biological agents present in the environment, which can influence health outcomes. Understanding these exposures is crucial for assessing risks, developing public health interventions, and creating policies to protect populations from adverse health effects.

environmental exposures

Socioeconomic factors are the social and economic experiences and realities that help shape an individual's or group's behavior, attitudes, and opportunities. These factors include elements such as income, education, occupation, and social status, which collectively influence access to resources and life outcomes.

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