Absolute zero is the theoretical temperature at which a system's entropy reaches its minimum value, and molecular motion comes to a complete halt. It is a fundamental limit in thermodynamics, representing 0 Kelvin or -273.15 degrees Celsius, where no further thermal energy can be extracted from a substance.

Absolute Zero

Absolute zero

theoretical temperature

system's entropy

The minimum value is the smallest number in a group of numbers. It's like finding the tiniest toy in a big toy box.

minimum value

Molecular motion refers to the constant, random movement of molecules within a substance, driven by thermal energy. This motion is fundamental to processes such as diffusion, osmosis, and the kinetic theory of gases, influencing the behavior and properties of matter at the microscopic level.

molecular motion

complete halt

fundamental limit

Thermodynamics is the branch of physics that deals with the relationships between heat, work, temperature, and energy. It is fundamental in understanding how energy is transferred in physical systems and the limitations of energy conversion processes.

thermodynamics

0 Kelvin

-273.15 degrees Celsius

Thermal energy is the internal energy present in a system due to the random motions of its particles, often associated with temperature and heat transfer. It plays a crucial role in thermodynamics, influencing how energy is transferred and transformed in physical processes.

thermal energy

Substance refers to the fundamental or essential nature of something, often discussed in philosophy as the underlying reality that supports and gives rise to observable phenomena. It is a core concept in metaphysics, where it is contrasted with properties or attributes that substances possess.

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