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A mixed state in quantum mechanics represents a statistical ensemble of different possible quantum states, as opposed to a pure state which is described by a single wave function. Mixed states are described by density matrices and are crucial for understanding systems with uncertainty or partial information, such as those encountered in quantum statistical mechanics and quantum information theory.
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Statistical physics is a branch of physics that uses statistical methods to explain and predict the behavior of systems composed of a large number of particles. It bridges the microscopic laws of physics and macroscopic observations, providing insights into phenomena like phase transitions and thermodynamic properties.
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