Statistical significance is a measure that helps determine if the results of an experiment or study are likely to be genuine and not due to random chance. It is typically assessed using a p-value, with a common threshold of 0.05, indicating that there is less than a 5% probability that the observed results occurred by chance.

Statistical Significance

Statistical significance

Measure of statistical significance

results of an experiment

Results of a study

random chance

The p-value is a statistical measure that helps researchers determine the significance of their results by quantifying the probability of observing data at least as extreme as the actual data, assuming the null hypothesis is true. A smaller p-value indicates stronger evidence against the null hypothesis, often guiding decisions on hypothesis rejection in favor of the alternative hypothesis.

p-value

common threshold

threshold of 0.05

5% probability

observed results

occurred by chance

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