Speech and language disorders encompass a range of communication difficulties that can affect a person's ability to understand, produce, or use language effectively. These disorders can be developmental or acquired and may impact social, academic, and occupational aspects of life, requiring tailored interventions for improvement.
Articulation disorder is a speech disorder where a person has difficulty pronouncing certain sounds, resulting in speech that may be unclear or difficult to understand. It often involves substitutions, omissions, distortions, or additions of speech sounds and can be addressed through speech therapy interventions.
Aphasia is a language disorder resulting from damage to the brain, typically from a stroke, that affects a person's ability to communicate. It can impact speaking, understanding, reading, and writing, but does not affect intelligence.
Pragmatic Language Impairment (PLI) is a communication disorder where individuals struggle with the social aspects of language, impacting their ability to use language effectively in context. PLI can affect understanding and use of language in social interactions, often leading to challenges in forming relationships and engaging in appropriate conversational exchanges.
Cognitive-Communication Disorder refers to difficulties in communication resulting from cognitive impairments, affecting processes such as attention, memory, perception, and executive function. These disorders can impact the ability to understand, produce, and use language effectively in social and academic settings.