Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) are variations at a single position in a DNA sequence among individuals, which can serve as biological markers to identify genes associated with disease. SNPs are the most common type of genetic variation among people, influencing how humans develop diseases and respond to pathogens, chemicals, drugs, vaccines, and other agents.

Single Nucleotide Polymorphism

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are variations at a single position in a DNA sequence among individuals, playing a crucial role in genetic diversity and influencing how humans respond to diseases, bacteria, viruses, chemicals, and drugs. They are essential markers in genetic research and personalized medicine, aiding in the identification of disease-associated genes and the development of targeted therapies.

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms

variations at a single position in a DNA sequence

Biological markers, or biomarkers, are measurable indicators of biological states or conditions, often used in clinical research and medicine to diagnose diseases, predict treatment responses, and monitor health. They can be molecules, genes, or characteristics that provide objective data about physiological processes, offering insights into disease mechanisms and therapeutic targets.

biological markers

genes associated with disease

Genetic variation refers to the differences in DNA sequences among individuals within a population, which is crucial for evolution and adaptation to changing environments. It arises from mutations, genetic recombination during sexual reproduction, and gene flow between populations, providing the raw material for natural selection to act upon.

genetic variation

Influencing human development

Disease response

Pathogens are microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites, that cause diseases in their hosts. Understanding the mechanisms of infection and transmission is crucial for developing effective prevention and treatment strategies.

pathogens

chemicals

drugs

Vaccines are biological preparations that provide immunity against infectious diseases by stimulating the body's immune system to recognize and combat pathogens. They have been instrumental in reducing the prevalence of diseases like measles, polio, and influenza, contributing significantly to global public health.

CUSTOMIZE YOUR LEARNING

CUSTOMIZE YOUR LEARNING