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The Roman conquest of Judea marked a significant period of turmoil and transformation, leading to the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 CE and profoundly impacting Jewish society and religion. This event not only solidified Roman dominance in the region but also set the stage for the Jewish diaspora, reshaping the cultural and religious landscape of Judaism.
Second Temple Judaism refers to the period in Jewish history from the rebuilding of the Temple in Jerusalem in 516 BCE until its destruction by the Romans in 70 CE, marked by significant religious, cultural, and political developments. This era saw the emergence of diverse Jewish sects, the compilation of significant religious texts, and the influence of Hellenistic culture on Jewish life and thought.
The Jewish-Roman Wars were a series of large-scale revolts by the Jews of the Eastern Mediterranean against the Roman Empire, occurring between 66 and 136 CE. These conflicts resulted in significant loss of life, the destruction of the Second Temple in Jerusalem, and profound changes in the Jewish diaspora and religious practices.
The Jewish Diaspora refers to the scattering of Jewish people beyond their historic homeland of Israel, particularly following the Babylonian Exile and the Roman conquest. This dispersion has led to the establishment of Jewish communities throughout the world, each maintaining their cultural and religious traditions while contributing to a diverse global Jewish identity.
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The Hasmonean Dynasty was a ruling dynasty of Judea and surrounding regions during classical antiquity, emerging from the successful Maccabean Revolt against the Seleucid Empire around 140 BCE. It marked a period of Jewish sovereignty, expanding its territory and consolidating religious and political power until its decline and eventual subjugation by the Roman Empire in 63 BCE.
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