Recursion is a programming technique where a function calls itself to solve a problem by breaking it down into smaller, more manageable sub-problems. It is particularly useful for tasks that can be defined in terms of similar subtasks, such as traversing data structures like trees and graphs.

Recursion

programming technique

function calls itself

solve a problem

Smaller sub-problems

manageable sub-problems

Tasks defined in terms of subtasks

traversing data structures

Data structures are fundamental constructs that organize and store data efficiently, enabling effective data manipulation and access. Understanding different data structures and their trade-offs is essential for optimizing algorithms and solving complex computational problems.

data structures

Trees are perennial plants with an elongated stem or trunk that supports branches and leaves, playing a crucial role in ecosystems by providing oxygen, improving air quality, and supporting wildlife. They also contribute to climate regulation, carbon sequestration, and are vital resources for human needs such as timber, food, and medicine.

trees

Graphs are mathematical structures used to model pairwise relations between objects, consisting of vertices (nodes) and edges (connections). They are fundamental in computer science for representing networks, solving problems like shortest path, and are used in areas such as social networks, logistics, and biology.

graphs

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