The lungs are a pair of spongy, air-filled organs located on either side of the chest (thorax) that are essential for respiration, facilitating the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air and the bloodstream. Each lung is divided into lobes, with the right lung having three lobes and the left lung having two, and they are surrounded by a protective membrane called the pleura.
Diagnostic imaging is a crucial component of modern medicine, allowing healthcare providers to non-invasively visualize the interior of a patient's body to diagnose, monitor, and treat medical conditions. It encompasses a variety of technologies, each with specific applications, strengths, and limitations, necessitating careful selection based on clinical needs.
Lung pathology is the study of diseases affecting the lungs, encompassing a wide range of conditions from infections to chronic diseases and cancers. It involves understanding the structural and functional changes in lung tissue that result from various pathological processes.