Propagation delay refers to the time it takes for a signal to travel from the sender to the receiver across a medium, influenced by the medium's properties and the distance. It is a critical factor in determining the overall latency in communication systems, especially in high-speed networks and long-distance transmissions.

Propagation Delay

Propagation delay

Signal travel

Sender to receiver

Medium properties refer to the characteristics of a material or substance that affect the transmission, absorption, and reflection of waves, such as sound, light, or electromagnetic waves. Understanding these properties is crucial for predicting wave behavior in various applications, including communication systems, optical devices, and acoustic engineering.

Medium Properties

overall latency

Communication systems are frameworks that facilitate the transmission of information between entities through various channels and technologies, ensuring accurate and efficient data exchange. They encompass both the hardware and software components necessary for encoding, transmitting, receiving, and decoding messages across different media.

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