Passivation is a process that involves creating a protective oxide layer on the surface of metals, which significantly reduces the rate of corrosion and enhances the longevity of the material. This is achieved by exposing the metal to a chemical environment that facilitates the formation of this stable and inert layer, often involving acids or other oxidizing agents.

Passivation

protective oxide layer

surface of metals

rate of corrosion

longevity of the material

chemical environment

Formation of stable layer

inert layer

Acids are substances that release hydrogen ions (H⁺) when dissolved in water, resulting in a pH less than 7, and they are characterized by their sour taste and ability to turn blue litmus paper red. They play a crucial role in chemical reactions, including neutralization with bases to form salts and water.

acids

Oxidizing agents are substances that gain electrons in a chemical reaction, causing another substance to be oxidized. They are essential in various industrial and biological processes, including combustion, respiration, and disinfection.

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